CV

• A CV is not a legal person of its own. Its property is in principle the partners’ property, and that is the core difference from a PT.
• The active partner runs the business and is liable down to their personal assets.
• The silent partner only contributes capital and is liable up to that contribution — but the moment they take part in managing, their liability becomes full, like the active partner’s.
• There is no shareholders’ meeting, no commissioner and no annual filing to the Ministry of Law. Profit sharing is whatever the deed says.

1. Agree who is active and who is silent, what each contributes, and how profit is divided.
2. Have a notary draw up the deed of establishment.
3. Register the partnership in the ministry’s business-entity system — since 2018 registration is with the Ministry of Law, no longer with the district court.
4. Obtain the entity tax number and the NIB in OSS with the licence matching its risk level.

• Bookkeeping is mandatory, and a CV is a corporate taxpayer: income tax is computed at the partnership level.
• The profit share a partner receives from the CV is not taxed again in the partner’s hands — a real advantage over a PT dividend.
• VAT applies once turnover passes Rp4.8 billion and the partnership is registered for it.
• Changes of partner, address or activity are re-filed with the ministry.

Choose a CV when one side runs the business and the other only funds it, and there is no need to keep personal assets clear of business risk. Once that risk grows, or an investor wants shares, a PT wins and converting means starting from a new deed.

• Commercial Code (KUHD) articles 19–21
• Ministry of Law Regulation 17/2018 on registering limited partnerships, general partnerships and civil partnerships

A summary of the rules in force, not legal advice. Rules and thresholds change — check with the relevant authority before you register.

Micro, small, medium, large: the rupiah thresholds and what changes in each class.